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Hungarian Braille
Hungarian Braille | |
---|---|
Type |
alphabet |
Languages | Hungarian |
Parent systems |
Braille
|
Print basis | Hungarian alphabet |
The braille alphabet used to write Hungarian is based on the international norm for the 26 basic letters of the Latin script. However, the letters for q and z have been replaced, to increase the symmetry of the accented letters of the Hungarian alphabet, which are largely innovative to Hungarian braille.[1][2]
Contents
Alphabet
The Hungarian alphabet is:
- A Á B C Cs D Dz Dzs E É F G Gy H I Í J K L Ly M N Ny O Ó Ö Ő P (Q) R S Sz T Ty U Ú Ü Ű V (W) (X) (Y) Z Zs
The letters that conform to traditional braille are:
40px a |
40px b |
40px c |
40px d |
40px e |
40px f |
40px g |
40px h |
40px i |
40px j |
40px k |
40px l |
40px m |
40px n |
40px o |
40px p |
40px r |
40px s |
40px t |
40px u |
40px v |
40px w |
40px x |
40px y |
The accented vowel letters are derived from their base letters through stretching or reflection as follows. The traditional letter for q (which is not part of the basic Hungarian alphabet) has been reassigned to ö, and an unused pattern has been assigned to ü:
40px a |
40px e |
40px i |
40px o |
40px ö |
40px u |
40px ü |
40px q | |
40px ä |
40px á |
40px é |
40px í |
40px ó |
40px ő |
40px ú |
40px ű |
This creates the following symmetrical pattern for the umlauted vowels:
40px ö |
40px ő |
40px ü |
40px ű |
(Ä is not part of the basic Hungarian alphabet.)
The consonant digraphs are derived from their base letters as follows. The traditional letter for z has been replaced, and is used for a parenthesis. As with the accented vowels, the majority of digraphs are created through reflection:
40px c |
40px g |
40px l |
40px n |
40px t |
40px s |
40px z |
40px cs |
40px gy |
40px ly |
40px ny |
40px ty |
40px sz |
40px zs |
40px40px ccs |
40px40px ggy |
40px40px lly |
40px40px nny |
40px40px tty |
40px40px ssz |
40px40px zzs |
This creates the following pattern among the sibilants:
40px s |
40px sz |
40px z |
40px zs |
Punctuation
Unlike English or French Braille, Hungarian Braille has separate opening and closing symbols for both parentheses and quotation marks.
40px , |
40px . |
40px ; |
40px : |
40px - |
40px40px ' |
40px ? |
40px ! |
40px40px40px „ ” |
40px40px40px ( ) |
40px40px / |
Mathematics and computer notation
40px number sign (#) |
40px40px Dollar sign ($) |
40px40px40px percent sign (%) |
40px40px ampersant (&) |
40px plus sign (+) |
40px asterisk / multiplication sign (*) |
40px40px division sign (/) |
40px equality sign (=) |
40px at sign (@) |
40px backslash (\) |
40px40px caret (^) |
40px40px underscore (_) |
40px ` |
40px40px tilde / similarity sign (~) |
40px40px paragraph sign (§) |
40px40px euro (€) |
40px40px bullet sign (•) |
40px40px degree (°) |
Roman Numerals
the roman numerals use the capital letters of i, v, x, l, c, m
40px40px I |
40px40px40px40px II |
40px40px40px40px40px III |
40px40px40px40px IV |
40px40px V |
40px40px40px40px VI |
40px40px40px40px40px VII |
40px40px40px40px40px40px VIII |
40px40px40px40px IX |
40px40px X |
40px40px40px40px XI |
40px40px40px40px XX |
40px40px40px40px40px XXI |
40px40px40px40px40px XXX |
40px40px40px40px40px40px XXXI |
40px40px40px40px XL |
40px40px40px40px40px XLI |
40px40px L |
40px40px40px40px LI |
40px40px40px40px LX |
40px40px40px40px40px LXI |
40px40px C |
40px40px40px40px CI |
40px40px M |
40px40px40px40px MI |
Formatting
40px (num.) |
40px (caps) |
References
- ^ Magyar Vakok és Gyengénlátók Országos Szövetsége. See chart here.
- ^ Samrita Trust ([1])
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