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Polish Braille
Polish Braille | |
---|---|
Type |
alphabet |
Languages | Polish |
Parent systems |
Braille
|
Print basis | Polish alphabet |
Polish Braille (alfabet Braille'a) is a braille alphabet for writing the Polish language. It is based on international braille conventions, with the following extensions:[1]
Base letter |
40px a |
40px c |
40px e |
40px l |
40px n |
40px s |
40px u |
40px y |
40px z |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Derived letter |
40px ą |
40px ć |
40px ę |
40px ł |
40px ń |
40px ś |
40px ó |
40px ż |
40px ź |
That is, for letters of the first and second decade of the braille script (a, c, e, l, n, s), a diacritic is written as dot 6, and any dot 3 is removed (or, equivalently, is moved to position 6)—that is, the base letter is moved to the fourth decade. For letters of the third decade (u, y, z), which already have a dot 6, the derivation is a mirror image. Ó is derived from u, which is how it is pronounced (also, the mirror image of o is already taken). Several of these conventions are used in Lithuanian Braille.
Alphabet
The full alphabet is thus:
40px a |
40px ą |
40px b |
40px c |
40px ć |
40px d |
40px e |
40px ę |
40px f |
40px g |
40px h |
40px i |
40px j |
40px k |
40px l |
40px ł |
40px m |
40px n |
40px ń |
40px o |
40px ó |
40px p |
40px r |
40px s |
40px ś |
40px t |
40px u |
40px w |
40px y |
40px z |
40px ż |
40px ź |
Print digraphs in z are written as two letters in braille as well: ⠉⠵ cz, ⠗⠵ rz, ⠎⠵ sz.
Punctuation
40px , |
40px . '[2] |
40px ; |
40px : |
40px ? |
40px ! |
40px - — |
40px @ |
40px * |
40px / |
40px \ |
40px40px # |
40px40px • |
40px40px40px % |
40px40px40px40px ‰ | |||||||
40px ° |
40px ′ |
40px40px ″ |
40px $ |
40px40px ¢ |
40px40px ₤ |
40px40px € | ||||
40px40px © |
40px40px ™ |
- Paired punctuation
40px40px40px “ ... ” |
40px40px40px40px40px ‘ ... ’ |
40px40px40px ( ... ) |
40px40px40px40px40px { ... } (?)[3] |
40px40px40px [ ... ] |
40px40px40px40px40px ⟨ ... ⟩ |
Formatting
40px (cap) |
40px (l.c.) |
40px (emph.) |
External links
- [2] (a detailed account of typesetting Polish Braille)
[3] Braille Translator on-line( Conversion of typed text on the Braille characters, full of Polish notation.)
References
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